In South Korean baseball stadiums, the singing of the national anthem and national rituals before games have been a long tradition. In the past, during the Park Chung-hee administration, the 'Oath to the National Flag' was expanded nationwide, but with the advent of progressive governments, criticism arose regarding the coercion of loyalty towards individuals. Ultimately, during the Roh Moo-hyun administration, phrases such as 'Fatherland and People' and 'Body and Mind Dedicated' were deleted, but the national ritual itself was maintained. Recent surveys have also shown that a majority opinion favors keeping the national rituals, including the singing of the national anthem before baseball games. This indicates that Koreans' sense of community consciousness remains deeply ingrained.
